Online Auction 31 - Jewish and Israeli History and Culture
Part I
July 27, 2021
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Displaying 1 - 12 of 26
![Der Gantze Jüdische Glaub [The Whole Jewish Belief], by Antonius (Anton) Margaritha. Augsberg: Heinrich Steyner, 1530. G](https://files.kedem-auctions.com/files/Ol31a-public/98.jpg "\"The Whole Jewish Belief\" – Anti-Semitic Work by Antonius Margaritha –")
Online Auction 31 - Jewish and Israeli History and Culture
July 27, 2021
Opening: $150
Sold for: $600
Including buyer's premium
Der Gantze Jüdische Glaub [The Whole Jewish Belief], by Antonius (Anton) Margaritha. Augsberg: Heinrich Steyner, 1530. German. First edition, second issue (April 1530); printing details from the colophon. Incomplete copy.
An anti-Semitic, polemic work by the convert Anton Margaritha (1492-1542), a descendent of a well-known family of rabbis in Germany; son of the Rabbi of Regensburg Shmuel Margaliot and grandson of Rabbi Yaakov Margaliot. Several in-text woodcuts, including woodcuts depicting Jews at the synagogue (after woodcuts printed in Johannes [Josef] Pfefferkorn's book Ich heyss ein buchlein der iude[n] beicht).
Der Gantze Jüdische Glaube claims to expose the true face of Judaism, mocks Jewish customs and makes serious accusations against the Jews. Margaritha warns his Christian readers against having contact and trading with Jews, cautions them not to consult with Jewish physicians and portrays a negative picture of the Jewish Sabbath and the custom of using a "Sabbath Gentile". One of the worst allegations targets the political loyalty of the Jews, who are portrayed as treacherous subjects and supporters of enemy countries, headed by the Ottoman Empire.
This work deeply affected Martin Luther, who was inspired by it to write his anti-Semitic book "On the Jews and Their Lies". Alongside its wide influence on anti-Semitism in early modern history, the book is also considered a valuable source of information about the daily life of Jews and their customs during that period. This work includes, among others, the first translation of the Jewish prayer book for a non-Jewish readership (see: "Between Judaism and Christianity(ies), between Ethnography and Polemic: Antonius Margaritha's Writing on the Kabbalah in 'The Whole Jewish Belief'" [Hebrew], by Daniel Lehmann).
The grim accusations against the Jews made by Margaritha in this book led to a public debate, conducted in 1530 before the Imperial Committee, that convened in the Reichstag of Augsburg, in the presence of Emperor Karl V. Margaritha's opponent in this debate was the well-known Jewish lobbyist Rabbi Joseph ben Gershon of Rosheim (Joseph Loanz). After Joseph ben Gershon refuted Margaritha's claims against the Jews, Margaritha was banished from Augsburg.
This is an incomplete copy of the first edition of this work (second issue). Missing first gathering (the title page and three subsequent leaves). The missing leaves were replaced with photocopies.
[88] ff. Missinf first four leaves (including title page). One of the leaves (the first leaf of gathering F) is bound out of order. 19.5 cm. Good condition. Stains. Minor blemishes. Tears and minute holes to some leaves, slightly affecting text (reinforcement with tape to two leaves). Handwritten notations and markings (early). New binding. Bookplate on inside front board.
An anti-Semitic, polemic work by the convert Anton Margaritha (1492-1542), a descendent of a well-known family of rabbis in Germany; son of the Rabbi of Regensburg Shmuel Margaliot and grandson of Rabbi Yaakov Margaliot. Several in-text woodcuts, including woodcuts depicting Jews at the synagogue (after woodcuts printed in Johannes [Josef] Pfefferkorn's book Ich heyss ein buchlein der iude[n] beicht).
Der Gantze Jüdische Glaube claims to expose the true face of Judaism, mocks Jewish customs and makes serious accusations against the Jews. Margaritha warns his Christian readers against having contact and trading with Jews, cautions them not to consult with Jewish physicians and portrays a negative picture of the Jewish Sabbath and the custom of using a "Sabbath Gentile". One of the worst allegations targets the political loyalty of the Jews, who are portrayed as treacherous subjects and supporters of enemy countries, headed by the Ottoman Empire.
This work deeply affected Martin Luther, who was inspired by it to write his anti-Semitic book "On the Jews and Their Lies". Alongside its wide influence on anti-Semitism in early modern history, the book is also considered a valuable source of information about the daily life of Jews and their customs during that period. This work includes, among others, the first translation of the Jewish prayer book for a non-Jewish readership (see: "Between Judaism and Christianity(ies), between Ethnography and Polemic: Antonius Margaritha's Writing on the Kabbalah in 'The Whole Jewish Belief'" [Hebrew], by Daniel Lehmann).
The grim accusations against the Jews made by Margaritha in this book led to a public debate, conducted in 1530 before the Imperial Committee, that convened in the Reichstag of Augsburg, in the presence of Emperor Karl V. Margaritha's opponent in this debate was the well-known Jewish lobbyist Rabbi Joseph ben Gershon of Rosheim (Joseph Loanz). After Joseph ben Gershon refuted Margaritha's claims against the Jews, Margaritha was banished from Augsburg.
This is an incomplete copy of the first edition of this work (second issue). Missing first gathering (the title page and three subsequent leaves). The missing leaves were replaced with photocopies.
[88] ff. Missinf first four leaves (including title page). One of the leaves (the first leaf of gathering F) is bound out of order. 19.5 cm. Good condition. Stains. Minor blemishes. Tears and minute holes to some leaves, slightly affecting text (reinforcement with tape to two leaves). Handwritten notations and markings (early). New binding. Bookplate on inside front board.
Category
Antisemitism, Holocaust and She'erit HaPletah
Catalogue
![Le Juif-Errant [The Wandering Jew], poster. Metz: Dembour et Gangel, [19th century].
Lithographic poster, hand-colored (in](https://files.kedem-auctions.com/files/Ol31a-public/99.jpg "The Wandering Jew\", Anti-Semitic Poster – Metz, 19th Century – Hand-Co")
Online Auction 31 - Jewish and Israeli History and Culture
July 27, 2021
Opening: $200
Unsold
Le Juif-Errant [The Wandering Jew], poster. Metz: Dembour et Gangel, [19th century].
Lithographic poster, hand-colored (in stencil), featuring the figure of The Wandering Jew (the illustration is not signed). On the lower part of the poster, a poem recalling the popular anti-Semitic legend of the Wandering Jew.
64X39.5 cm. Good-fair condition. Minor stains, fold lines, creases and wear. Small tears along edges and fold lines. Tears to upper part, slightly affecting print (partly reinforced with paper).
Lithographic poster, hand-colored (in stencil), featuring the figure of The Wandering Jew (the illustration is not signed). On the lower part of the poster, a poem recalling the popular anti-Semitic legend of the Wandering Jew.
64X39.5 cm. Good-fair condition. Minor stains, fold lines, creases and wear. Small tears along edges and fold lines. Tears to upper part, slightly affecting print (partly reinforced with paper).
Category
Antisemitism, Holocaust and She'erit HaPletah
Catalogue
![Seven undivided anti-Semitic postcards, showing Jewish craftsmen. France, [late 19th or early 20th century].
All the illust](https://files.kedem-auctions.com/files/Ol31a-public/100_1.jpg "Seven Anti-Semitic Postcards – Jewish Craftsmen – France")
![Seven undivided anti-Semitic postcards, showing Jewish craftsmen. France, [late 19th or early 20th century].
All the illust](https://files.kedem-auctions.com/files/Ol31a-public/100_2.jpg "Seven Anti-Semitic Postcards – Jewish Craftsmen – France")
Online Auction 31 - Jewish and Israeli History and Culture
July 27, 2021
Opening: $150
Unsold
Seven undivided anti-Semitic postcards, showing Jewish craftsmen. France, [late 19th or early 20th century].
All the illustrations are signed in the plate by the artist, Léon Roze. All except one are black-and-white.
Approx. 14.5X9.5 cm. Good condition.
All the illustrations are signed in the plate by the artist, Léon Roze. All except one are black-and-white.
Approx. 14.5X9.5 cm. Good condition.
Category
Antisemitism, Holocaust and She'erit HaPletah
Catalogue
Online Auction 31 - Jewish and Israeli History and Culture
July 27, 2021
Opening: $200
Unsold
Two letters handwritten by Édouard Drumont, a postcard with Drumont's photograph and an advertising label of the anti-Semitic newspaper La Libre Parole. [France, late 19th century / early 20th century]. French.
1-2. Two letters handwritten by Drumont: a letter from 1909, on the official stationery of the newspaper La Libre Parole, and a letter on Drumont's calling card (undated).
3. A round paper label – advertisement for the anti-Semitic newspaper la Libre Parole.
One side designed as the French cockade, with the printed caption "Vive Drumont, A Bas les Juifs" [Long Live Drumont, Down with the Jews]. The other side bears a picture of the newspaper's editor, the anti-Semitic writer and journalist Édouard Drumont (1844-1917) encircled by the caption "Tous les bons Francais lisent la Libre Parole [All good French read La Libre Parole].
4. Postcard with a photograph of Drumont. Signed in the plate: "H. Manuel / EOK Paris".
Édouard Adolphe Drumont (1844-1917), was a French journalist and writer; famous in France and around the world as an anti-Semitic propagandist. Drumont founded the Antisemitic League of France, published the La Libre Parole newspaper whose motto was "France for the French", and published numerous anti-Jewish books. His first best seller was the anti-Semitic book "Jewish France", in which he called for the expulsion of Jews from French society.
Size and condition vary. Good overall condition.
1-2. Two letters handwritten by Drumont: a letter from 1909, on the official stationery of the newspaper La Libre Parole, and a letter on Drumont's calling card (undated).
3. A round paper label – advertisement for the anti-Semitic newspaper la Libre Parole.
One side designed as the French cockade, with the printed caption "Vive Drumont, A Bas les Juifs" [Long Live Drumont, Down with the Jews]. The other side bears a picture of the newspaper's editor, the anti-Semitic writer and journalist Édouard Drumont (1844-1917) encircled by the caption "Tous les bons Francais lisent la Libre Parole [All good French read La Libre Parole].
4. Postcard with a photograph of Drumont. Signed in the plate: "H. Manuel / EOK Paris".
Édouard Adolphe Drumont (1844-1917), was a French journalist and writer; famous in France and around the world as an anti-Semitic propagandist. Drumont founded the Antisemitic League of France, published the La Libre Parole newspaper whose motto was "France for the French", and published numerous anti-Jewish books. His first best seller was the anti-Semitic book "Jewish France", in which he called for the expulsion of Jews from French society.
Size and condition vary. Good overall condition.
Category
Antisemitism, Holocaust and She'erit HaPletah
Catalogue
![Protokoły mędrców Sjonu [The Protocols of the Elders of Zion]. Warsaw: Rozwój, 1923. Polish.
Early Polish edi](https://files.kedem-auctions.com/files/Ol31a-public/102.jpg "\"The Protocols of the Elders of Zion\" – Warsaw, 1923")
Online Auction 31 - Jewish and Israeli History and Culture
July 27, 2021
Opening: $100
Sold for: $250
Including buyer's premium
Protokoły mędrców Sjonu [The Protocols of the Elders of Zion]. Warsaw: Rozwój, 1923. Polish.
Early Polish edition of the anti-Semitic work "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion." Publication no. 1 of the "Jewish Studies Library" series, published by Rozwój. The Rozwój organization was established in 1913 as the propaganda wing of the anti-Semitic nationalist party Endecja. The activity of the organization was banned in 1923 after the winds of anti-Semitism in Poland led to the assassination of President Gabriel Narutowicz. (Narutowicz sympathized with the Jews and was even labeled "The President of the Jews" by his opponents.) After it was outlawed, the Rozwój organization continued to secretly disseminate anti-Semitic propaganda, including the "Jewish Studies Library" series.
Title page with the Hebrew ink stamp of the "Library of the Jewish Community in Lviv."
[2] ff., iii, 60 pp. 22.5 cm. Good condition. Stains and minor blemishes. Later binding and endpapers. Minor blemishes to binding.
Early Polish edition of the anti-Semitic work "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion." Publication no. 1 of the "Jewish Studies Library" series, published by Rozwój. The Rozwój organization was established in 1913 as the propaganda wing of the anti-Semitic nationalist party Endecja. The activity of the organization was banned in 1923 after the winds of anti-Semitism in Poland led to the assassination of President Gabriel Narutowicz. (Narutowicz sympathized with the Jews and was even labeled "The President of the Jews" by his opponents.) After it was outlawed, the Rozwój organization continued to secretly disseminate anti-Semitic propaganda, including the "Jewish Studies Library" series.
Title page with the Hebrew ink stamp of the "Library of the Jewish Community in Lviv."
[2] ff., iii, 60 pp. 22.5 cm. Good condition. Stains and minor blemishes. Later binding and endpapers. Minor blemishes to binding.
Category
Antisemitism, Holocaust and She'erit HaPletah
Catalogue
![An unsere Freunde, die Deutschen! [To our friends, the Germans!], a printed leaflet – letter from Dutch citizens calling to m](https://files.kedem-auctions.com/files/Ol31a-public/103.jpg "\"To our friends, the Germans!\", Printed Leaflet – A Letter to the Germ")
Online Auction 31 - Jewish and Israeli History and Culture
July 27, 2021
Opening: $150
Unsold
An unsere Freunde, die Deutschen! [To our friends, the Germans!], a printed leaflet – letter from Dutch citizens calling to maintain peace and democracy and to protect the Jews in Germany. Signed in print: Viele Parteilose, nichtjüdische Holländer [Many politically unaffiliated, non-Jewish Dutch]. [Amsterdam, 1939]. German.
At the beginning of the letter, which was written following the Kristallnacht, the writers note that it was sent to ten thousand randomly chosen addresses in Germany. Through excerpts from conservative Dutch newspapers, which condemn Germany's attitude to its Jews, the writers try to convince the receivers of the letter that in its attitude to its Jews, Germany is acting in a barbaric, shameful manner.
Enclosed: the original envelope in which this leaflet was sent to Berlin. On the envelope, a postmark from Amsterdam, 1939.
[1] f., printed on both sides. 33 cm. Good condition. Some small tears to edges. Envelope in good condition.
At the beginning of the letter, which was written following the Kristallnacht, the writers note that it was sent to ten thousand randomly chosen addresses in Germany. Through excerpts from conservative Dutch newspapers, which condemn Germany's attitude to its Jews, the writers try to convince the receivers of the letter that in its attitude to its Jews, Germany is acting in a barbaric, shameful manner.
Enclosed: the original envelope in which this leaflet was sent to Berlin. On the envelope, a postmark from Amsterdam, 1939.
[1] f., printed on both sides. 33 cm. Good condition. Some small tears to edges. Envelope in good condition.
Category
Antisemitism, Holocaust and She'erit HaPletah
Catalogue
Online Auction 31 - Jewish and Israeli History and Culture
July 27, 2021
Opening: $100
Unsold
Jews after the War… Reprinted from The Nation of February 21 and 28, 1942, by Reinhold Niebuhr. London: Inter-University Jewish Federation, [1943?]. English.
Reinhold Niebuhr (1892-1971), an American Protestant theologian and human rights activist, published the article Jews after the War in the magazine The Nation in the midst of World War II. The article resonates Niebuhr's thesis about 'The Just War', acknowledges the unique distress of the Jewish people and promotes the Zionist idea as a legitimate right, and a possible solution, for the situation of European Jewry, as long as the national rights of Palestinian Arabs are maintained.
11, [1] pp. (including cover), 21.5 cm. Good condition. Stains. Minor blemishes. Inked stamp on front cover.
Reinhold Niebuhr (1892-1971), an American Protestant theologian and human rights activist, published the article Jews after the War in the magazine The Nation in the midst of World War II. The article resonates Niebuhr's thesis about 'The Just War', acknowledges the unique distress of the Jewish people and promotes the Zionist idea as a legitimate right, and a possible solution, for the situation of European Jewry, as long as the national rights of Palestinian Arabs are maintained.
11, [1] pp. (including cover), 21.5 cm. Good condition. Stains. Minor blemishes. Inked stamp on front cover.
Category
Antisemitism, Holocaust and She'erit HaPletah
Catalogue
Online Auction 31 - Jewish and Israeli History and Culture
July 27, 2021
Opening: $200
Sold for: $375
Including buyer's premium
Papers concerning the Treatment of German Nationals in Germany 1938-1939. "Presented by the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs to Parliament by Command of his Majesty". London: His Majesty's Stationery Office, 1939. English.
A report presenting evidence of crimes committed by Nazi Germany against German and Austrian nationals, Jews and oppositionists, which reached the representatives of the British Foreign Ministry in Germany. The report describes confiscations of money and property, harassments by members of the S.A., arbitrary arrests, deportation to the concentration camps of Dachau and Buchenwald, physical torture and more.
According to the foreword, these documents were published in response to the anti-British propaganda distributed by the Nazis, and with the understanding that an agreement with the German government can no longer be reached.
36 pp. 24.5 cm. Good condition. Foxing to last leaf and spine.
A report presenting evidence of crimes committed by Nazi Germany against German and Austrian nationals, Jews and oppositionists, which reached the representatives of the British Foreign Ministry in Germany. The report describes confiscations of money and property, harassments by members of the S.A., arbitrary arrests, deportation to the concentration camps of Dachau and Buchenwald, physical torture and more.
According to the foreword, these documents were published in response to the anti-British propaganda distributed by the Nazis, and with the understanding that an agreement with the German government can no longer be reached.
36 pp. 24.5 cm. Good condition. Foxing to last leaf and spine.
Category
Antisemitism, Holocaust and She'erit HaPletah
Catalogue
![Die Juden [The Jews], by Walther Jantzen. First booklet of the Geopolitik in Kartenbild series. Heidelberg: Die Antisemitisch](https://files.kedem-auctions.com/files/Ol31a-public/106_1.jpg "The Jews, Anti-Semitic Booklet – Heidelberg, 1941 – Maps")
![Die Juden [The Jews], by Walther Jantzen. First booklet of the Geopolitik in Kartenbild series. Heidelberg: Die Antisemitisch](https://files.kedem-auctions.com/files/Ol31a-public/106_2.jpg "The Jews, Anti-Semitic Booklet – Heidelberg, 1941 – Maps")
![Die Juden [The Jews], by Walther Jantzen. First booklet of the Geopolitik in Kartenbild series. Heidelberg: Die Antisemitisch](https://files.kedem-auctions.com/files/Ol31a-public/106_3.jpg "The Jews, Anti-Semitic Booklet – Heidelberg, 1941 – Maps")
Online Auction 31 - Jewish and Israeli History and Culture
July 27, 2021
Opening: $100
Unsold
Die Juden [The Jews], by Walther Jantzen. First booklet of the Geopolitik in Kartenbild series. Heidelberg: Die Antisemitische Aktion / Kurt Vowinckel, [1941?]. German.
Anti-Semitic work by geographer Walther Jantzen, one of the main promoters of Lebensraum ("Living Space") idea, which was one of the cornerstones of Nazi ideology. The booklet deals with the distribution of Jews in Europe and around the world, seeking to demonstrate how the Jews have supposedly taken over the German economy. At the end, a short discussion of the Zionist idea.
In-text illustrations, maps and tables.
16 pp. 30X21 cm. Good condition. Stains. Minor blemishes. Small tears to edges of cover. Library stamps.
Anti-Semitic work by geographer Walther Jantzen, one of the main promoters of Lebensraum ("Living Space") idea, which was one of the cornerstones of Nazi ideology. The booklet deals with the distribution of Jews in Europe and around the world, seeking to demonstrate how the Jews have supposedly taken over the German economy. At the end, a short discussion of the Zionist idea.
In-text illustrations, maps and tables.
16 pp. 30X21 cm. Good condition. Stains. Minor blemishes. Small tears to edges of cover. Library stamps.
Category
Antisemitism, Holocaust and She'erit HaPletah
Catalogue
Online Auction 31 - Jewish and Israeli History and Culture
July 27, 2021
Opening: $100
Unsold
Archiv für Judenfragen – Schriften zur geistigen Überwundung des Judentums [Archive for the Jewish Question – Writings on the Spiritual Conquest of Judaism]. Issue no. 1. Berlin: Anti-jüdische Aktion, 1943. German.
Issue no. 1 of the anti-Semitic journal "Archiv für Judenfragen" published during the Holocaust (only three issues were published). Includes an editorial with a short manifesto and three articles about the Jews: the first about the attitude of the Talmud to non-Jews (by anti-Semitic theologian Gerhard Kittel), the second discussing the Jew as foreign to the Third Reich, and the third about Schopenhauer and the Jews. At the end appears a list of planned issues (most were never published).
64 pp, 24 cm. Good condition. Stains and blemishes to margins and cover. Tears to spine. Inked stamp on front cover (contemporary).
Issue no. 1 of the anti-Semitic journal "Archiv für Judenfragen" published during the Holocaust (only three issues were published). Includes an editorial with a short manifesto and three articles about the Jews: the first about the attitude of the Talmud to non-Jews (by anti-Semitic theologian Gerhard Kittel), the second discussing the Jew as foreign to the Third Reich, and the third about Schopenhauer and the Jews. At the end appears a list of planned issues (most were never published).
64 pp, 24 cm. Good condition. Stains and blemishes to margins and cover. Tears to spine. Inked stamp on front cover (contemporary).
Category
Antisemitism, Holocaust and She'erit HaPletah
Catalogue
Online Auction 31 - Jewish and Israeli History and Culture
July 27, 2021
Opening: $200
Sold for: $400
Including buyer's premium
Identifying document for foreigner ("carte d’identité d’étranger"), issued for the Jewish woman Tauba Wajman. Isère (France), 1941. French.
An identifying document issued in 1941 for the Jewish woman Tauba Wajman, with her photo (in profile), personal details, and the inked stamps of the Vichy French authorities in the administrative district of Isère. On the third page, next to the name and identifying particulars, appearing in red, is the inked stamp with the French appellation "Juif".
Identifying documents of the type known as "carte d’identité d’étranger" were issued in France as early as 1917, and were thought to be the earliest documents issued by any country for the purpose of identifying foreigners. Because of a shortage of paper during World War II, the Vichy French authorities made use of old forms bearing the name and emblem of the Free French Republic, namely the words "Republique Francaise" encircling the emblem in the image of Marianne, the national personification of the French Republic and its motto, "Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité".
Approx. 12 cm (document folded in accordion-like fashion). Good-fair condition. Stains. Blemishes and wear. Minor tears to edges and to fold line between first part (serving as the binding) and rest of document.
An identifying document issued in 1941 for the Jewish woman Tauba Wajman, with her photo (in profile), personal details, and the inked stamps of the Vichy French authorities in the administrative district of Isère. On the third page, next to the name and identifying particulars, appearing in red, is the inked stamp with the French appellation "Juif".
Identifying documents of the type known as "carte d’identité d’étranger" were issued in France as early as 1917, and were thought to be the earliest documents issued by any country for the purpose of identifying foreigners. Because of a shortage of paper during World War II, the Vichy French authorities made use of old forms bearing the name and emblem of the Free French Republic, namely the words "Republique Francaise" encircling the emblem in the image of Marianne, the national personification of the French Republic and its motto, "Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité".
Approx. 12 cm (document folded in accordion-like fashion). Good-fair condition. Stains. Blemishes and wear. Minor tears to edges and to fold line between first part (serving as the binding) and rest of document.
Category
Antisemitism, Holocaust and She'erit HaPletah
Catalogue
![Six photographs of Jews in the Tarnów Ghetto during the Holocaust. [Tarnów, ca. 1941].
The photographs depict](https://files.kedem-auctions.com/files/Ol31a-public/109_1.jpg "Six Photographs from the Holocaust – Jews in the Tarnów Ghetto – Polan")
![Six photographs of Jews in the Tarnów Ghetto during the Holocaust. [Tarnów, ca. 1941].
The photographs depict](https://files.kedem-auctions.com/files/Ol31a-public/109_2.jpg "Six Photographs from the Holocaust – Jews in the Tarnów Ghetto – Polan")
![Six photographs of Jews in the Tarnów Ghetto during the Holocaust. [Tarnów, ca. 1941].
The photographs depict](https://files.kedem-auctions.com/files/Ol31a-public/109_3.jpg "Six Photographs from the Holocaust – Jews in the Tarnów Ghetto – Polan")
Online Auction 31 - Jewish and Israeli History and Culture
July 27, 2021
Opening: $200
Sold for: $525
Including buyer's premium
Six photographs of Jews in the Tarnów Ghetto during the Holocaust. [Tarnów, ca. 1941].
The photographs depict the streets of the ghetto, Jews wearing armbands and shops marked with Stars of David. A handwritten German caption on verso of four of the photographs reads: "Mai 41, Tarnov, Judenviertel" [May 1941, Tarnów, the Jewish Quarter]. The two remaining photographs are also captioned in handwriting, on verso.
Before World War II, about 25,000 Jews lived in Tarnów (comprising approx. half of the town's total population). With the outbreak of the war in September 1939 thousands of Jewish refugees from Western Poland arrived in the city, but it was only a matter of days before it was occupied by the Germans. From the first day of the occupation, the Germans began persecuting the Jews, confiscating their property and drafting them for forced labor. They also burned down most of the town's synagogues. In the following years, the persecution of the Jews increased and in March 1941, the establishment of the ghetto was announced. Three months later, in June, Jews from all around the area were transported to the ghetto; their number reached approx. 40,000 people.
On September 3, 1943, the ghetto was surrounded and its final extermination began. Approx. 7000 Jews were sent to their death in Auschwitz and 3000 were sent to the Płaszów forced labor camp. In late 1943, the city was announced "Judenrein" (free of Jews).
6 photographs, approx. 8.5X6.5 cm. Good condition. Minor blemishes.
The photographs depict the streets of the ghetto, Jews wearing armbands and shops marked with Stars of David. A handwritten German caption on verso of four of the photographs reads: "Mai 41, Tarnov, Judenviertel" [May 1941, Tarnów, the Jewish Quarter]. The two remaining photographs are also captioned in handwriting, on verso.
Before World War II, about 25,000 Jews lived in Tarnów (comprising approx. half of the town's total population). With the outbreak of the war in September 1939 thousands of Jewish refugees from Western Poland arrived in the city, but it was only a matter of days before it was occupied by the Germans. From the first day of the occupation, the Germans began persecuting the Jews, confiscating their property and drafting them for forced labor. They also burned down most of the town's synagogues. In the following years, the persecution of the Jews increased and in March 1941, the establishment of the ghetto was announced. Three months later, in June, Jews from all around the area were transported to the ghetto; their number reached approx. 40,000 people.
On September 3, 1943, the ghetto was surrounded and its final extermination began. Approx. 7000 Jews were sent to their death in Auschwitz and 3000 were sent to the Płaszów forced labor camp. In late 1943, the city was announced "Judenrein" (free of Jews).
6 photographs, approx. 8.5X6.5 cm. Good condition. Minor blemishes.
Category
Antisemitism, Holocaust and She'erit HaPletah
Catalogue